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Name Julien Garaud
Birthdate 23 May 1982 in Tours, France (map)
Citizenship French

Education

  • Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, January 2022 Link
    Dissertation Title : Topological defects and other properties of multicomponent superconductors
    Research Advisor : Pr. Maxim N. Chernodub
    Committee Members : Prof. A. Aftalion, Prof. M. Chernodub, Prof. J. Kunz, Prof. A. Niemi, Dr. C. Pépin, Prof. P. Sutcliffe, Prof. Ya. Shnir.
    Referees : Prof. A. Niemi, Prof. P. Sutcliffe, Prof. Ya. Shnir.

Université François Rabelais at Laboratoire de Mathémathiques et Physique Théorique,
in Tours, France, 2000 – 2010
  • Ph.D. in Physics, September 2010 Link
    Dissertation Title : Superconducting Vortices in Weinberg–Salam theory
    Research Advisor : Pr. Mikhail S. Volkov
    Committee Members : Prof. C. Bachas, Dr. M. Chernodub, Dr. P. Grandclément, Prof. A. Niemi, Prof. M. Shaposhnikov, Prof. M. S. Volkov.
    Referees : Prof. C. Bachas, Prof. M. Shaposhnikov, Prof. P. Sutcliffe.

  • Master of Science in Physics, 2006
    Dissertation Title : Spinning magnetic monopoles
    Research Advisor : Prof. Mikhail S. Volkov

  • Bachelor of Science in Physics, 2004

Academic position

09/2022 – present Institut Denis Poisson, University of Tours, France
Professor
06/2021 – 12/2021 NORDITA-Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stockholm, Sweden
Guest Researcher (Advisor: Prof. A. Niemi)
06/2018 – 08/2022 Institut Denis Poisson, University of Tours, France
Associate Researcher
02/2016 – 06/2019 Microsoft Research Station Q, Europe
Consulting Researcher (Advisor: Prof. M. Troyer)
09/2014 – 08/2016 KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Postdoctoral Scholar (Advisor: Prof. E. Babaev)
10/2010 – 08/2014 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
Postdoctoral Scholar (Advisor: Prof. E. Babaev)
09/2006 – 09/2010 University of Tours, France
Graduate Student (Advisor: Prof. M. S. Volkov)

Publication

  1. F. Bärtl, N. Stegani, F. Caglieris, I. Shipulin, Y. Li, Q. Hu, Y. Zheng, C.-M. Yim, S. Luther, J. Wosnitza, R. Sarkar, H.-H. Klauss, J. Garaud, E. Babaev, H. Kühne, and V. Grinenko
    Evidence of pseudogap and absence of spin magnetism in the time-reversal-symmetry-breaking state of Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$
    Preprint (2025), arXiv
  2. Q. Z. Zhou, B. R. Chen, B. K. Xiang, I. Timoshuk, J. Garaud, Y. Li, K. Kihou, K. Y. Liang, Q. S. He, Z. J. Li, P. H. Zhang, K. Z. Yao, H. X. Yao, E. Babaev, V. Grinenko, Y. H. Wang,
    Observation of single-quantum vortex splitting in the Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ superconductor
    Preprint (2024), arXiv
    3. Direct observation of quantum vortex fractionalization in multiband superconductors
  3. Y. Zheng, Q. Hu, H. Ji, I. Timoshuk, J. Garaud, H. Xu, Y. Li, Y. Gao, X. Yu, R. Wu, X. Lu, V. Grinenko, E. Babaev, N. F. Q. Yuan, B. Lv, C.-M. Yim, and H. Ding
    Preprint (2024), arXiv
  4. J. Garaud, A. Korneev, A. Samoilenka, A. Molochkov, E. Babaev, and M. Chernodub,
    Counterpart of the Chandrasekhar-Kendall state in noncentrosymmetric superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B. 108, 014504 (2023). Link , arXiv
  5. J. Garaud and A. J. Niemi,
    Poincaré index formula and analogy with the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a non-rotated cold atom Bose-Einstein condensate.
    J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 154 (2022). Link , arXiv
  6. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Effective Model and Magnetic Properties of the Resistive Electron Quadrupling State.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 087602, 167001 (2022). Link , arXiv
  7. V. Grinenko, D. Weston, F. Caglieris, C. Wuttke, C. Hess, T. Gottschall, I. Maccari, D. Gorbunov, S. Zherlitsyn, J. Wosnitza, A. Rydh, K. Kihou, C.-H. Lee, R. Sarkar, S. Dengre, J. Garaud, A. Charnukha, R. Hühne, K. Nielsch, B. Büchner, H.-H. Klauss, and E. Babaev,
    State with spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry above superconducting phase transition.
    Nature Physics,17, 1254 (2021). Link , arXiv
  8. J. Garaud, J. Dai and A. J. Niemi,
    Vortex precession and exchange in a Bose-Einstein condensate.
    J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 157 (2021). Link , arXiv
  9. F. N. Krohg, E. Babaev, J. Garaud, H. H. Haugen, and A. Sudbø,
    Thermal fluctuations and vortex lattice structures in chiral $p$-wave superconductors: robustness of double-quanta vortices.
    Phys. Rev. B. 103, 214517 (2021). Link , arXiv
  10. J. Garaud, M. N. Chernodub and D. E. Kharzeev,
    Vortices with magnetic field inversion in noncentrosymmetric superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B. 102, 184516 (2020). Link , arXiv
  11. M. N. Chernodub, J. Garaud and D. E. Kharzeev,
    Chiral Magnetic Josephson junction: a base for low-noise superconducting qubits?
    Universe 8, 12:657 (2022). Link , arXiv
  12. F. N. Rybakov, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Stable Hopf-Skyrme topological excitations in the superconducting state.
    Phys. Rev. B. 100, 094515 (2019). Link , arXiv
  13. J. D. S. Bommer, H. Zhang, Önder Gül, B. Nijholt, M. Wimmer, F. N. Rybakov, J. Garaud, D. Rodic, E. Babaev, M. Troyer, D. Car, S. R. Plissard, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, L. P. Kouwenhoven,
    Spin-Orbit Protection of Induced Superconductivity in Majorana Nanowires.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 187702 (2019). [Editors' Suggestion] Link , arXiv
  14. J. Garaud, A. Corticelli, M. Silaev and E. Babaev,
    Properties of dirty two-bands superconductors with repulsive interband interaction: normal modes, length scales, vortices and magnetic response.
    Phys. Rev. B. 98, 014520 (2018). Link , arXiv
  15. J. Garaud, A. Corticelli, M. Silaev and E. Babaev,
    Field-induced coexistence of $s_{++}$ and $s_\pm$ superconducting states in dirty multiband superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B. 97, 054520 (2018). Link , arXiv
  16. A. A. Zyuzin, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Nematic skyrmions in odd-parity superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 167001 (2017). Link , arXiv
  17. J. Garaud, M. Silaev and E. Babaev,
    Change of the vortex core structure in two-band superconductors at impurity-scattering-driven $s_\pm/s_{++}$ crossover.
    Phys. Rev. B 96, 140503(R) (2017). Link , arXiv
  18. M. Silaev, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Phase diagram of dirty two-band superconductors and observability of impurity-induced $s+is$ state.
    Phys. Rev. B 95, 024517 (2017). Link , arXiv
  19. J. Garaud, M. Silaev and E. Babaev,
    Microscopically derived multi-component Ginzburg-Landau theories for $s+is$ superconducting state.
    Physica C 533, 63-73 (2017). Link , arXiv
  20. J. Garaud, E. Babaev, Troels Arnfred Bojesen and Asle Sudbø
    Lattices of double-quanta vortices and chirality inversion in $p_x+ip_y$ superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 94, 104509 (2016). Link , arXiv
  21. J. Garaud, M. Silaev and E. Babaev,
    Thermoelectric Signatures of Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking States in Multiband Superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 097002 (2016). Link , arXiv , Webpage
  22. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Properties of skyrmions and multi-quanta vortices in chiral $p$-wave superconductors.
    Scientific Reports 5, 17540 (2015). Link , arXiv
  23. M. Silaev, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Unconventional thermoelectric effect in superconductors that break time-reversal symmetry.
    Phys. Rev. B 92, 174510 (2015). Link , arXiv
  24. D. F. Agterberg and J. Garaud,
    Checkerboard order in vortex cores from pair-density-wave superconductivity.
    Phys. Rev. B 91, 104512 (2015). Link , arXiv
  25. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Vortex chains due to nonpairwise interactions and field-induced phase transitions between states with different broken symmetry in superconductors with competing order parameters.
    Phys. Rev. B 91, 014510 (2015). [Selected for Phys. Rev. B Kaleidoscope ] Link , arXiv
  26. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Vortex matter in $U(1)\times U(1)\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ phase-separated superconducting condensates.
    Phys. Rev. B 90, 214524 (2014). Link , arXiv
  27. D. F. Agterberg, E. Babaev and J. Garaud,
    Microscopic prediction of skyrmion lattice state in clean interface superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 90, 064509 (2014). [Selected for Phys. Rev. B Kaleidoscope ] Link , arXiv
  28. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Topological defects in mixtures of superconducting condensates with different charges.
    Phys. Rev. B 89, 214507 (2014). Link , arXiv
  29. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Domain walls and their experimental signatures in $ s+is $ superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 017003, (2014). Link , Suppl. , arXiv , Webpage
  30. J. Garaud , K. Sellin, J. Jäykkä and E. Babaev,
    Skyrmions induced by dissipationless drag in $~\mathrm{U}(1)\times\mathrm{U}(1)$ superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 89, 104508 (2014). Link , arXiv , Webpage
  31. J. Garaud, E. Radu and M. S. Volkov,
    Stable Cosmic Vortons.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 171602 (2013). Link , Suppl. , arXiv , Webpage
  32. J. Garaud, J. Carlström, E. Babaev and M. Speight,
    Chiral $\ {\mathbb{C}}{{P}}^2\ $ skyrmions in three-band superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 87, 014507 (2013). [Editor's Suggestion] Link , arXiv
  33. J. Garaud, D. F. Agterberg and E. Babaev,
    Vortex coalescence and type-1.5 superconductivity in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ .
    Phys. Rev. B 86, 060513(R) (2012). [Rapid Comm.] Link , arXiv
  34. J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Skyrmionic state and stable half-quantum vortices in chiral $p$-wave superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 86, 060514(R) (2012). [Rapid Comm.] Link , Suppl. , arXiv
  35. E. Babaev, J. Carlström, J. Garaud, M. Silaev and J. M. Speight
    Type-1.5 superconductivity in multiband systems: Magnetic response, broken symmetries and microscopic theory -- A brief overview.
    Physica C 479, 2-14 (2012). Link , arXiv
  36. J. Garaud, J. Carlström and E. Babaev,
    Topological Solitons in Three-Band Superconductors with Broken Time Reversal Symmetry.
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 197001 (2011). Link , Suppl. , arXiv , Webpage
  37. J. Carlström, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Length scales, collective modes, and type-1.5 regimes in three-band superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 84, 134518 (2011). Link , arXiv ;    Phys. Rev. B 87, 219904(E) (2013). Link
  38. J. Carlström, J. Garaud and E. Babaev,
    Semi-Meissner state and nonpairwise intervortex interactions in type-1.5 superconductors.
    Phys. Rev. B 84, 134515 (2011). Link , Suppl. , arXiv , Webpage
  39. J. Garaud and M. S. Volkov,
    Stability analysis of Superconducting Electroweak Strings.
    Nucl. Phys. B 839, 310–340 (2010). Link , arXiv
  40. J. Garaud and M. S. Volkov,
    Superconducting non-Abelian vortices in Weinberg–Salam theory--electroweak thunderbolts.
    Nucl. Phys. B 826, 174–216, (2010). Link , arXiv
  41. J. Garaud and M. S. Volkov,
    Stability analysis of the twisted superconducting semilocal strings.
    Nucl. Phys. B 799, 430–455, (2008). Link , arXiv

Unpublished

  1. J. Garaud,
    Topological defects and other properties of multicomponent superconductors, HDR (2022) Link .
  2. J. Garaud,
    Superconducting Vortices in Weinberg–Salam theory, Ph.D thesis (2010) Link .
  3. J. Garaud,
    Spinning magnetic monopoles, Master thesis (2006)

Scientific software

  1. J. Garaud and A. W. Steiner,
    ode_bv_multishoot.h (included into O2scl ), (2008) Link ,
    A C++ abstract class template solver for Boundary Value Problems, based on a multiple shooting algorithm.

Invited talk

07/2025 GREMAN, Tours
Observation of vortex quantum fractionalization in Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$, and skyrmions in KFe$_2$As$_2$.
03/2024 IDP, Tours
Toroflux, vortices and other properties of non-centrosymmetric superconductors. Link ; Slides
03/2022 IDP, Tours
Quartic bosonic metallic state and its topological properties. Link ; Slides
03/2022 Solitons@Work
Quartic bosonic metallic state and its topological properties. Video
01/2022 IDP, Tours
Topological defects and properties of multicomponent superconductors.
(HDR defense): Link ; Slides
03/2019 IDP, Tours
Hopf-Skyrme Topological Excitations as superconducting Kelvin knots.
07/2016 Nordita, Stockholm
Thermoelectric signatures of TRSB states.
10/2015 GREMAN and LMPT, Tours
Thermoelectric signatures of superconducting states that break time-reversal symmetry. Link
03/2014 Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay
Probing unconventional superconducting states with topological defects
02/2014 Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Physique Théorique, Tours
Topological excitations in multi-component superconductors: Domain-walls and Skyrmions
04/2013 GREMAN, Tours
Topological defects in multi-component superconductors
04/2013 Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, Paris
Topological defects in multi-component superconductors
03/2013 Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Orsay
Topological solitons in superconductors with Broken Time Reversal Symmetry
12/2012 Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, Bordeaux
Skyrmions in multi-component superconductors
10/2012 KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
Topological solitons in multi-component superconductors
04/2012 University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Topological solitons in superconductors with broken time reversal symmetry
11/2011 Laboratoire de Mathémathiques et Physique Théorique, Tours
Ground-states in multi-component superconductors
04/2011 University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Non-pairwise interactions in type-1.5 superconductors
10/2010 KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
Introduction to superconducting electroweak vortices
08/2010 Oldenburg University
Superconducting electroweak vortices

Contributed talk

05/2025 Beyond Standard Superconducting and Superfluid States, Nordita, Stockholm
Skyrmions in the resistive electron quadrupling state. Link ; Video
06/2023 Journées de l'Institut Denis Poisson, Tours
Time-crystals, Anyons and the Poincaré index formula in cold atom Bose-Einstein condensates
07/2016 Multi-Component and Strongly-Correlated Superconductors, Nordita, Stockholm
Thermoelectric signatures of time-reversal symmetry breaking superconducting states. Link
11/2015 Groupement De Recherche - Matériaux et Interactionss en COmpétition, UPMC, Paris
Thermoelectric signatures of time-reversal symmetry-breaking states in iron pnictides.
09/2015 Vortex matter in nanostructured superconductors (VORTEX IX), Rhodes
Thermoelectric signatures of superconducting states that break time-reversal symmetry.
06/2014 New Horizon of Strongly Correlated Physics (NHSCP2014), ISSP, Tokyo
Topological defects and their experimental signature in $s+is$ superconductors. Link
09/2013 Vortex matter in nanostructured superconductors (VORTEX VIII), Rhodes
Topological excitations in $ s+is $ superconductors and their experimental signatures.
08/2013 Workshop Superconductivity: the Second Century, Nordita, Stockholm
Topological excitations in $ s+is $ superconductors. Link
03/2013 March meeting of the APS, Baltimore, MD
Chiral $\ {\mathbb{C}}{{P}}^2\ $skyrmions in three-band superconductors and layered superconducting structures. Abstract
12/2012 Quantized flux in tightly knotted and linked systems, Newton Institute, Cambridge, UK
$\ {\mathbb{C}}{{P}}^2\ $ baby-skyrmions in three-component superconductors. Abstract ; Poster ; Slides ; Talk
03/2012 March meeting of the APS, Boston, MA
Topological solitons in three-band superconductors with broken time reversal symmetry. Abstract
09/2011 Vortex matter in nanostructured superconductors (VORTEX VII), Rhodes
Magnetic response of multi-component type-II and type-1.5 superconductors. Poster
03/2011 March meeting of the APS, Dallas, TX
Ground states of multi-band type-I and type-1.5 superconductors and interlaced type-I/type-II layered superconducting structures in external magnetic field. Abstract
11/2008 Workshop Knots and Vortons III, LMPT, Tours
Superconducting vortices in electroweak theory. Link
05/2007 Workshop Knots and Vortons II, LMPT, Tours
Stability of superconducting semilocal vortices. Link
11/2006 Journée des doctorants de la Fédération Denis Poisson, MAPMO, Orléans.
Spinning magnetic monopoles and vortices.